Name: Tokai Carbon Paper (TGP-H-030)
Brand: Canrud
Price: 105.71 USD

Question 1

Accepted Answer

Silicon oxide (1400) and silicon oxide (1600): both of these materials have a carbon coating

Question 2

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It is carbon-coated

Question 3

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The melting point of aluminum foil is 660 °C.

Question 4

Question 5

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They are all carbon-coated.

Question 6

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Graphite

Question 7

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About 25%.

Question 8

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Yes, it is multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT).

Question 9

Accepted Answer

The slurry formulation for the coating is different

Question 10

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Carbonate-based.

Question 11

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They are generally coated with carbon via chemical vapor deposition (CVD).

Question 12

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Conductive carbon plus some binders

Question 13

Accepted Answer

This was provided by the original manufacturer.

Question 14

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Within 200 nm.

Question 15

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Conductive carbon: SP, CNT; binder: PVDF-5130

Question 16

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The electrode foil is a double-sided carbon-coated aluminum foil; the other side is coated with a carbon layer

Question 17

Accepted Answer

Carbon cloth cannot be used directly as a lithium battery anode; it has no capacity. Anodes generally use graphite, hard carbon, silicon-carbon, etc.

Question 18

Accepted Answer

When preparing carbon-coated aluminum foil, the conductive additive is always prepared as a water-based slurry for coating.

Question 19

Accepted Answer

There is currently no XRD data. Normally silicon-carbon 420 shows XRD signals of both graphite and silicon.

Question 20

Accepted Answer

The customer can make the slurry themselves; we cannot do it at present.

Question 21

Accepted Answer

Common systems: PTFE (water-based, mainly for aqueous supercapacitors); PVDF (NMP, oxide cathodes); CMC SBR (carbon-based anodes); PAALi (silicon–carbon systems).

Question 22

Accepted Answer

Yes

Question 23

Accepted Answer

It's because of conductivity issues. Cathode materials themselves have poor conductivity, so they are generally coated.

Question 24

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Yes, it is.

Question 25

Accepted Answer

LiFePO₄ has low conductivity. Carbon-coated aluminum foil reduces internal resistance, improves adhesion, and helps prevent electrode cracking.

Question 26

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Both are coated; they are just different models of LiFePO4. D-3

Question 27

Accepted Answer

Solid-state-specific carbon-group anodes are still under development; currently there are no such products. For solid-state-specific lithium metal anodes, lithium–indium alloy is available at present.

Question 28

Accepted Answer

Refer to the anode slurry stirring formulation. Check the article on anode stirring on the KeLude public WeChat account.

Question 29

Accepted Answer

This is basically the same usage method as graphite anodes.

Question 30

Accepted Answer

No, it cannot. It needs to be cleaned off — the LFP electrodes are fully coated and it must be wiped away.

Question 31

Accepted Answer

rest 2h, 0.2C DC to 0V, 0.1C DC to 0V, 0.01C DC to 0V, 10 μA DC to 0V, rest 3 min, 0.1C CC to 2V — this is the first cycle gravimetric capacity test step

Question 32

Accepted Answer

rest 4h, 0.2C DC to 0V, 0.1C DC to 0V, 0.01C DC to 0V, 10μA DC to 0V, rest 3 min, 0.1C CC to 2V. This is the test procedure.

Question 33

Accepted Answer

Recommended hard carbon capacity testing procedure: Rest 4 h, 0.2C DC to 0 V, 0.1C DC to 0 V, 0.01C DC to 0 V, 10 μA DC to 0 V, rest 3 min, 0.1C CC to 2 V.

Question 34

Accepted Answer

Silicon monoxide is the anode material for lithium batteries; its surface has already been coated with carbon material; it is not pure silicon monoxide.

Question 35

Accepted Answer

It is battery-grade purity and can be used directly to assemble batteries. There is no percentage value; the material has been carbon-coated and has extremely low impurity content.

Question 36

Accepted Answer

For our sodium nickel manganese iron oxide we use our own 12 4 2 separator. For the hard carbon capacity tests, our testing procedure is: rest 2 h, 0.2C DC to 0 V, 0.1C DC to 0 V, 0.01C DC to 0 V, 10 μA DC to 0 V, rest 3 min, 0.1C CC to 2 V.

Question 37

Accepted Answer

Follow their previous procedure; no need to consider the fixtures.

Question 38

Accepted Answer

Supplier values are often device-level capacitance, while lab results may be material-level values. Conversion factors apply. Commercial materials prioritize stability and reproducibility.

Question 39

Accepted Answer

If carbon-coated nano-silicon is required, products that are clearly labeled as having a "carbon-coated" or "silicon-carbon composite" (Si/C) structure should be selected. The materials in the current list are suitable for basic research, but may not be suitable for direct use in actual battery applications due to poor cycle stability, unless carbon coating is carried out on their own.

Question 40

Accepted Answer

Our graphite anodes are all coated. Industrialized coatings are basically solid-phase, mainly coated with asphalt (this asphalt is available on our Keluode website). The specific coating process is part of the core technology for producing graphite.

Question 41

Accepted Answer

Silicon oxide (950) and silicon carbon alloy (950) are not the same material.
The former is a silicon oxide (SiO)-based material, and the latter is a silicon-carbon composite (Si/C) material. Although both are used as high-capacity lithium-ion battery anodes, and the capacity is close, there are significant differences in composition, structure, expansion behavior and first effect. The mislabeling of "silicon oxide" as "Silicon carbon alloy" in the commodity information may be a naming error and should actually be distinguished.

Question 42

Accepted Answer

For applications compounding with sulfur, multi-walled CNTs (Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, MWCNTs) are usually the first choice because of their low cost and relatively good dispersion, which is suitable for large-scale applications. However, if higher conductivity and performance optimization are pursued, single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) (Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes) can be selected, despite their higher price.

The final choice of CNTs depends on the specific application requirements, cost considerations and the feasibility of the dispersion process.

Question 43

Accepted Answer

Currently commonly used are graphite, silicon–carbon, and lithium metal anodes. Silicon–carbon options use low silicon content to avoid excessive volume expansion. For lithium metal anodes, serious lithium dendrite growth must be considered in applications; lithium–indium alloy can be used to suppress the longitudinal growth of lithium dendrites to some extent.

Question 44

Accepted Answer

We have not used this material for electrocatalysis; however, from the basic requirements of electrochemical reactions, the core consideration in choosing the substrate material is compatibility with the solvent to reduce interfacial resistance. Therefore, it mainly depends on which solvent the customer chooses for the electrocatalysis.

Question 45

Accepted Answer

PVA or PVB used as binders for preparing electrolyte sheets require a temperature plateau for binder removal during the sintering of the electrolyte sheet, rather than a single-step ramp to high temperature. If binder removal is incomplete, polymer carbonization results in excessive carbon residue in the electrolyte sheet.

Question 46

Accepted Answer

We apologize, but this is the core technology of TuTan Materials’ enterprise; the technical department does not disclose it externally.

Question 47

Accepted Answer

Silicon-carbon or SiO-carbon composite materials: no requirement on first-cycle efficiency; after 10 cycles efficiency is around >99.2%; stable cycling for 300 cycles with efficiency >99.8%; capacity retention about 80%; areal capacity 1–3 mAh cm-2; specific capacity 1200 mAh g-1. Do we have such materials? They want to customize electrodes.

Question 48

Accepted Answer

Hardness has not been tested. Check whether this item is listed in the material specification sheet

Question 49

Accepted Answer

Compared with polycrystalline cathode materials, single-crystal cathodes have somewhat poorer conductivity; you need to increase the conductive additive content based on their standard formulation. Alternatively, if you do not want to raise the total conductive additive content, you can replace part of the conductive carbon with CNTs.

Question 50

Accepted Answer

VGCF is the abbreviation of Vapor Grown Carbon Fiber, which is a high-purity (≥ 99%) carbon material in black powder, with an average diameter of 150 nm and an average length of 10 μm. It is usually used as a conductive additive in the electrode of lithium ion battery, which can effectively construct a three-dimensional conductive network and improve the conductivity and electrochemical performance of the electrode.

Question 51

Accepted Answer

Key factors include: 1) use carbon-coated aluminum foil as current collector; 2) use CNT conductive slurry; 3) nano-sulfur is preferred over sublimed sulfur; 4) optimize slurry formulation; 5) apply light coating; 6) optimize electrolyte amount; 7) ensure correct material selection. Other improvements depend on lab-specific know-how.

Question 52

Accepted Answer

In solid-state sodium-sulfur batteries, the current cathode materials with high capacity and relatively stable cycle are mainly sulfur-based composite materials, especially the following types:
-Sulfur/porous carbon composites (such as S @ mesoporous carbon): capacity up to 1000-1300 mAh/g;
-Sulfur/conductive polymer composites (such as S/PANI): improve cycle stability;
-Sulfur/solid electrolyte composite cathode (such as S-Na PSASC-C): It has both high capacity and good cycle performance, and is currently the most promising direction.

Among them, the sulfur and sodium ion conductive sulfide solid electrolyte (such as Naover PShe) composite, and the introduction of carbon conductive network design, not only can play the high capacity advantage of sulfur (close to 1675 mAh/g), but also can effectively inhibit the side reaction and volume effect, so as to achieve a more stable cycle performance. This type of material is considered to be the key cathode system for achieving high-performance solid-state sodium-sulfur batteries.

Question 53

Accepted Answer

Silicon oxide (950) is essentially not a silicon carbon product in the traditional sense, and its main material is silicon oxide (SiO), which belongs to the oxide of silicon. Although carbon coating may be used to improve performance in practical applications, and is broadly classified as a "silicon-carbon negative electrode" by some manufacturers or users, it is significantly different from the real silicon-carbon alloy (Si/C) from the perspective of chemical composition and reaction mechanism. Therefore, strictly speaking, it is not a silicon carbon product, but a silicon oxide based material. In the current product information, its English name is marked as "Silicon carbon alloy". There may be inaccurate naming.

Question 54

Accepted Answer

[Powder Pressing Method] Dry powder is placed into a steel die and pressed at 250–500 MPa to form a green body, then sintered in a muffle furnace in air atmosphere at about 900°C for 3–24 hours. After sintering and cooling, the ceramic discs are ground. The green body pressing may include a binder or not, and may include a sintering aid or not. Binders used include PVA, PVB, etc.; sintering aids include boron oxide, lithium borate, and similar. Note that if a binder is added, the sintering must be staged to allow binder burn-out; otherwise the carbon content will be too high.

Question 55

Accepted Answer

According to the documents provided, the products of porous carbon deposited silicon mainly include the following two types:

1. Silicon carbon anode 1800 (porous carbon deposited silicon)
-Model: MA-EN-AN-0003
-English name: Silicon carbon 1800
-Appearance: Black powder
-Physical properties: specific surface area 4.29 m²/g, tap density 1.41g/cm³
-Electrochemical performance: first reversible capacity 1994.7 mAh/g, first discharge efficiency 92.1%
-Packaging/storage: aluminum-plastic film vacuum packaging, outer plastic bag, sealed in a cool and dry place
-Specifications: 20g, 100g, 300g, 500g, 1000g
-Price: 400 yuan to 3600 yuan
-Purchased schools: South China University of Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, etc.

2. Silicon carbon anode 1800 (porous carbon deposited silicon)-A
-Model: MA-EN-AN-0034
-English name: Silicon carbon 1800
-Appearance: Black powder
-Product advantages: lithium ion anode material, porous carbon skeleton
-Packaging/storage: aluminum-plastic film vacuum packaging, outer plastic bag, sealed in a cool and dry place
-Specifications: 20g, 100g, 300g, 500g, 1000g
-Price: 500 yuan to 4000 yuan
-Purchased schools: South China Normal University, Southern University of Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, etc.

Both products are silicon-carbon anode materials for porous carbon-deposited silicon, suitable for lithium-ion batteries, with high capacity and high first-time coulomb efficiency.

Question 56

Accepted Answer

"Amorphous carbon" in this context should be understood as hard carbon (non-graphitizable carbon). It is a carbon material with a short-range order and a long-range disordered structure, rich in defects and heteroatoms, and is often used in the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries. It is characterized by low efficiency for the first time, slope-shaped voltage curve, good rate performance, suitable for high power and low temperature applications. Typical products, such as Kureha Carbotron P, have application prospects in specific fields despite the shortcomings of high cost and low density. This conclusion is based on a comprehensive inference of the properties of hard carbon materials.

Tokai Carbon Paper (TGP-H-030)

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