Name: Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) cell
Brand: Canrud
Price: 332.25 USD

Question 1

Accepted Answer

Yes, it can be used; for the exact wiring, have the instructor contact the electrochemical workstation's technical support.

Question 2

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If the cathode range is 1.3 V–4 V, it is recommended that if graphite is used as the anode, the same electrochemical window of 1.3–4 V should be used.

Question 3

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Yes, their crystal structures are the same.

Question 4

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The electrode interface of the electrochemical workstation from Shanghai Chenhua is like this, and it’s different from this connector,

Question 5

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If the electrode sheet parameters are provided, it can be calculated.

Question 6

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Haven't tested it, but judging from the structural formula, the material's electrochemical stability should be fine.

Question 7

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Different manufacturers and preparation processes; purity is all 99.9%. Can be used as precursor materials for sulfide electrolytes or cathodes for Li–S batteries. Specific electrochemical performance has not been tested and is unclear.

Question 8

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No. The currently sold halide electrolytes still cannot withstand 5 V high voltage; they decompose under high voltage. LIC can theoretically reach 4.2 V; in practice it is used at about 3.7 V.

Question 9

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Single-crystal has a higher tap density and higher energy density; polycrystalline has better rate performance.

Question 10

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It is single crystal

Question 11

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Half-cell discharge data, lithium foil used as the anode

Question 12

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The ternary electrolyte from the official website

Question 13

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It's single-sided

Question 14

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Our graphite electrode test results are on the official website

Question 15

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The amount of electrolyte filled is 4 g

Question 16

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All finished ternary materials (111 523 622 811 series 9xx) are coated; the coating is an oxide. Specific compositions vary by manufacturer and are strictly confidential, not disclosed externally

Question 17

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Is there a charging plot on the official website? Generally, it must not exceed the normal tested electrochemical window. Look up the theoretical capacity on Baidu; I don’t know that either, but the actual capacity will definitely not reach the theoretical capacity.

Question 18

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We have not used this material for electrocatalysis; however, from the basic requirements of electrochemical reactions, the core consideration in choosing the substrate material is compatibility with the solvent to reduce interfacial resistance. Therefore, it mainly depends on which solvent the customer chooses for the electrocatalysis.

Question 19

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We don't have more cycling data updates for now; we will test and complete them later.

Question 20

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Use high-nickel specific PVF

Question 21

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We tested it in a half-cell; theoretical gravimetric capacity >95 mAh/g

Question 22

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The separators inside dry battery cells are ceramic-coated separators; baking at 85°C is fine.

Question 23

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We have a recommended compacted density value on our official website for the customer to refer to; if they want to achieve a compacted density within this range, the customer needs to verify it themselves to see the effect after pressing. Calendering according to a compacted density provided by the customer requires customization.

Question 24

Accepted Answer

The 16mm separator typically matches a 16mm diameter Swagelok battery, which is a standard size configuration common in the laboratory.

Question 25

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Single-crystal material, recommended formulation, 811: SP:PVDF (high-nickel anti-gel) = 90:5:5. Before testing the electrodes should be roll-pressed; recommended compaction ≥ 2.5

Question 26

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They cannot be baked that high; there is still concern about separator shrinkage

Question 27

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Symmetric cells generally do not add electrolyte; if it is an all-solid-state cell, to test performance you can add a little.

Question 28

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This separator is the Celgard 2500 separator. We ourselves have not tested it the way the customer did. When we use it, we assemble cells directly and test cell performance.

Question 29

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Yes, it is.

Question 30

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Compared with polycrystalline cathode materials, single-crystal cathodes have somewhat poorer conductivity; you need to increase the conductive additive content based on their standard formulation. Alternatively, if you do not want to raise the total conductive additive content, you can replace part of the conductive carbon with CNTs.

Question 31

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In half-cells, all tested materials act as the cathode, while lithium metal is the anode. Charging corresponds to delithiation of the test material; discharging corresponds to lithiation.

Question 32

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We are very sorry — we really don't know. These two materials are both produced by companies that rank among the top three in the industry; they do not disclose any production technical details externally.

Question 33

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This is basically the same usage method as graphite anodes.

Question 34

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The pellet’s strength and ionic conductivityhave small variations and have very little effect on battery performance, because during cell testing the current itself is very small.

Question 35

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Electrolyte must be added, because this is not a pure solid electrolyte membrane; the intermediate base film is polyethylene (PE), which requires electrolyte to transport lithium ions.

Question 36

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Possible causes include poor cell assembly stability, material degradation at high rates, or lithium dendrite formation causing micro short circuits.

Question 37

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It is normal; it should be on the official website. This varies with different electrolytes; 90%–94% is all normal.

Question 38

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For 811 cathode, the specific capacity is roughly just over 180 mAh/g; this is considered normal.

Question 39

Accepted Answer

After rolling, the electrodes will all exhibit this curling when electrolyte is dropped on them. Suggested improvements: 1) When baking the punched electrodes, press them flat with a plate while baking; 2) Optimize the assembly method. We usually place the electrode on the spacer, drop the electrolyte, and then cover it with the separator, which also makes subsequent assembly easier.

Question 40

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Key points include: capacity balancing between cathode and anode; electrolyte compatibility; formulation to minimize polarization; proper alignment and stacking to ensure stable internal contact.

Question 41

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The electrolyte pellets are simply ground and polished, then gold-sputtered on both faces, leaving the edges unsputtered. The gold-coated pellet is clamped between the two faces with a coin-cell test clip for measurement.

Question 42

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Na3Zr2Si2PO12 is a sodium-ion-conducting solid electrolyte used in sodium solid-state battery research. Cells are assembled as button cells; the assembly structure is similar to conventional liquid electrolyte button cells, but the central separator is replaced with a solid electrolyte disc, and no liquid electrolyte is required (a very small amount of liquid electrolyte is added when testing cell performance to wet the interfaces).

Question 43

Accepted Answer

The ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte can be tested directly on pressed pellets. When assembling an all-solid-state battery, it is often mixed with the cathode in a certain ratio to form a composite cathode and is not used directly as the electrolyte layer. The electrolyte layer commonly uses LPSC, the anode uses a lithium–indium alloy, and a mold cell is assembled.

Question 44

Accepted Answer

Must be cut in a glove box. After cutting, it should be rolled using a PTFE or glass rod. For potassium batteries, the metal is often rolled into thin sheets after forming small spheres. Rolling can be done directly on spacers, which then serve as carriers during coin cell assembly.

Question 45

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There is essentially no noticeable difference between the two; the main distinction is in self-discharge, but it is very small — the latter has about 0.005 mV/hour lower self-discharge.

Question 46

Accepted Answer

The lithium foil diameter is determined by the diameter of the electrode and the separator. The lithium foil diameter should be larger than the electrode diameter and smaller than the separator diameter. The greater the differences among these three diameters, the easier assembly and better contact for the coin cell. The internal total thickness of a 2032 coin cell case needs to reach about 3.2 mm; any shortfall can be filled with shims. The main thing is to choose the diameter.

Question 47

Accepted Answer

Dissolve the CMC first, then add the conductive agent graphite; after dispersing well, add the SBR last (we introduced this in the article on anode stirring on our public account)

Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) cell

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