Name: Sulfide Solid Electrolyte: Lithium Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine, LPSCl-Li6PS5Cl Powder (Particle Size 5-30um)
Brand: Canrud
Price: 211.43 USD

Question 1

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Sulfide electrolytes are synthesized as plates; after refinement processes to control particle size, they are not sieved.

Question 2

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The film used in the tableting process was carbon coated aluminum foil.

Question 3

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Comparing solvent polarity, sulfide electrolytes are more stable in nonpolar solvents.

Question 4

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Particle size analyzer measured; under conditions of a drying oven with a dew point below -50°C, short-term rapid testing is fine.

Question 5

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Yes.

Question 6

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The information on the official website is what it is; if it's not there, it's not there.

Question 7

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Currently, the sulfide electrolyte powders we have on sale are Li6PS5Cl, Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5, Li5.3PS4.3Cl0.8Br0.7, Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, and LGPS.

Question 8

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Lithium–sulfur batteries don't have high-voltage cathode issues, so current sulfide electrolytes can all be used. However, if the anode is lithium metal you cannot use LGPS, LPS7 3 11 and the like that are unstable against lithium; using LPSC is relatively better. If using LPSC, particles that are too large make lithium dendrite growth easy, while particles that are too small react with lithium readily; LPSC ~3 μm can be considered. Which specific product to choose and what particle size to use — experimental results can't be guaranteed, since we haven't made solid-state lithium–sulfur batteries; we can only give a rough recommendation.

Question 9

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Within 200 nm.

Question 10

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No SEM images; Na3Zr2Si2PO12 powder shows primary particles of 3–5 µm under the electron microscope, and a particle size analyzer measures 10–40 µm. Depending on the specific use: if used as filler in composite polymers there is no need to sinter, but if making oxide electrolyte pellets you need to press the green body and sinter it into ceramic pellets.

Question 11

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Nano sulfur

Question 12

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It depends on the intended use. If it is for assembling pellet cells for electrical testing, the powder needs to be pressed into green bodies, then sintered into ceramics, and finally ground and polished for use. The green body can be made without adding other substances, or sintering aids, binders, etc. can be added. If used as a filler for polymer composite electrolytes, it can be added directly, or the particle size can be controlled according to experimental requirements before use.

Question 13

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Lithium–copper composite strip

Question 14

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Yes, we need requirements for particle size, solids content, and solvent. Minimum order quantity is 5 kg, and the shelf life is one month.

Question 15

Question 16

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The slurry formulation for the coating is different

Question 17

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Aqueous system

Question 18

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Not yet commercially produced.

Question 19

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Pure sulfur

Question 20

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As a polymer electrolyte matrix, it is combined with other components, for example lithium salts, fillers, polymers, etc.

Question 21

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The intermediate layer electrolyte between it and the anode is generally LPSC (Li6PS5Cl is more stable, micron-sized; nanopowder reacts somewhat more with lithium metal). When assembling the two electrolyte layers apply a relatively large pressure, about 300 MPa, to ensure the electrolyte layers are highly dense; after adding the lithium anode the applied pressure should be very low to avoid instability at the LPSC//LiIn interface.

Question 22

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There is currently no such product.

Question 23

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Different manufacturers and preparation processes; purity is all 99.9%. Can be used as precursor materials for sulfide electrolytes or cathodes for Li–S batteries. Specific electrochemical performance has not been tested and is unclear.

Question 24

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Voltage plateau is influenced by material properties, formulation, electrolyte ionic conductivity, and applied current. Higher current leads to greater polarization and lower voltage.

Question 25

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Which system do you want to work on? Sulfide or oxide? For oxide systems use LLZO; for sulfide systems use LPSC.

Question 26

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Sulfide and halide electrolyte systems can use lithium-indium as the negative electrode, but oxide systems are more suitable for graphite and low-silicon negative electrodes.

Question 27

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Isopropanol; it’s better to dry the solvent first using molecular sieves.

Question 28

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The shelf life is one month from production. We can provide moisture, pH, particle size, and solids content. There is no quantitative data for lithium carbonate, but XRD can provide qualitative analysis.

Question 29

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Store in a cool, dry place, sealed.

Question 30

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None at the moment.

Question 31

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It's the molar ratio.

Question 32

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The coating amount refers to the mass of surface modifier adsorbed on the surface of a given mass of powder, so the coating amount on each NCM811 is 0.6%.

Question 33

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If lithium salt is added, evaporation must be done in a glovebox; lithium salts must not contact water, as they are hygroscopic and deliquescent.

Question 34

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LATP-C: the micron powder is about 5 µm, the nanopowder about 300 nm. Particle size has little effect on sintered ionic conductivity but affects shrinkage; however, LATP’s shrinkage is very small, so the impact is minor. Powders with different particle sizes can also be mixed for pressing green bodies. Use a pressing pressure of 250–500 MPa and a sintering temperature of 800–1000°C. The sintering temperature for nanopowder is slightly lower than for micron powder.

Question 35

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Approaches include: reducing particle size; surface modification or coating; using high-performance conductive additives; reducing binder content while maintaining adhesion; improving mixing uniformity; optimizing current collectors; balancing compaction density; and optimizing electrolyte composition.

Question 36

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There are currently no all-solid-state films; oxide sheet separators are available. Finished sulfide pure solid electrolyte films are under development and will be launched soon—stay tuned.

Question 37

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Not listed yet; they will be launched later. Please stay tuned.

Question 38

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Consider using electrolytes with relatively soft particulate textures; under pressure their interparticle interface impedance and grain boundary impedance are smaller, such as sulfides and halides. However, in general, sulfides can serve as electrolyte layers, while halide electrolytes are often used as ion-conducting additives in cathode materials. Currently, the sulfide electrolyte powders we have on sale are Li6PS5Cl, Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5, Li5.3PS4.3Cl0.8Br0.7, Li3PS4, Li7P3S11, and LGPS. The halide is Li3InCl6.

Question 39

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Not used as the primary electrolyte layer; it is generally used as an ion-conducting additive in the cathode. It can be directly paired with cathode materials such as LCO and NCM622, and the cathode material surface does not need coating.

Question 40

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Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is a polymeric substrate that needs to be dissolved in a solvent, have lithium salt added, and then be dried into a film. It cannot be directly pressed from powder.

Question 41

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PEO itself is very stable in air, but it is generally used mixed with lithium salts, which are hygroscopic and absorb water; LATP is stable in air.

Question 42

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Only polymer matrix powder, no finished polymer film.

Question 43

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Yes, it is stable in air and moisture; it just depends on whether other materials in the experiment require environmental control.

Question 44

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If it needs firing, a binder must also be added.

Question 45

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None

Question 46

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Lithium cobalt oxide (high-voltage type) - Z-4.45V

Question 47

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No coating

Question 48

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What is the purpose of the experiment? For preparing composite electrolyte membranes, choose the solvent based on the lithium salt used; you can consider DMAC   acetone. Of course, for specific solvent selection and usage, consult relevant literature for your experiment.

Question 49

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LATP solid electrolyte coating separators can theoretically be used with liquids. (If the anode is lithium metal, the LATP-coated side should face the cathode)

Question 50

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High molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution, low catalyst residue, can be completely dissolved in water.

Question 51

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Key factors include: 1) use carbon-coated aluminum foil as current collector; 2) use CNT conductive slurry; 3) nano-sulfur is preferred over sublimed sulfur; 4) optimize slurry formulation; 5) apply light coating; 6) optimize electrolyte amount; 7) ensure correct material selection. Other improvements depend on lab-specific know-how.

Question 52

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An aqueous slurry for cathode materials has not yet been developed.

Question 53

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Two approaches: pressing and sintering into dense pellets; or slurry coating with binder and solvent, which usually requires additional liquid electrolyte due to limited density.

Question 54

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This is not as-fired powder but powder that has already been sintered. To obtain ceramic sheets, pressing and sintering are still required; they cannot be used directly after pressing because oxide particle interfaces do not contact well and grain boundary impedance is high. Before sintering, mill the powder to increase its surface roughness and adsorption, which facilitates powder pressing.

Question 55

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Powder can be made into discs; you need to consult the literature for fabrication methods. Discs cannot be reused

Question 56

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Under normal circumstances, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) will become a colorless or slightly yellow liquid when dissolved; the choice of solvent also affects the color.

Question 57

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We haven't weighed it precisely. If using the powder-burying method, a relatively large amount is needed to fully cover the pellet.

Question 58

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Confirm the voltage window of this fluoride. If it is conventional, LPSC or LLZO are fine; if it is high-voltage, prioritize LLZO.

Question 59

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It is not a polymer. It is a sintered ceramic oxide and can be used directly.

Question 60

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Electrolyte must be added, because this is not a pure solid electrolyte membrane; the intermediate base film is polyethylene (PE), which requires electrolyte to transport lithium ions.

Question 61

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The sintering temperature of LLTO is generally around 1100–1300°C; the optimal sintering temperature needs to be determined experimentally — we can only provide a rough reference range.

Question 62

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Such fluctuations are generally caused by insufficient battery stability. Did the customer previously assemble batteries of other systems, and were those test results stable?

Question 63

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Tear open the sealed bag inside the glove box. The structure of the lithium-indium alloy is double-layer indium foil sandwiching lithium powder. Layering is normal; do not pry it apart. Normally punch out pieces of the appropriate size with a punch, assemble the cell mold, finally insert the lithium-indium alloy piece, apply pressure of 5–10 MPa, and an alloy will form within tens of seconds; of course, waiting a few minutes yields a more uniform alloy.

Question 64

Accepted Answer

Different sizes, different manufacturers, different production processes.

Sulfide Solid Electrolyte: Lithium Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine, LPSCl-Li6PS5Cl Powder (Particle Size 5-30um)

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